Biodiversity

This contribution examines the historical and contemporary factors contributing to the precarious status of elephants and their habitats, highlighting the consequences of human-wildlife conflicts on humans and elephants, it examines measures to address the conflict and promotes coexistence.

COVID-19 has reminded the world about the implications of destroying the nature. But, the world has an excellent opportunity to do something meaningful to not just reverse biodiversity loss but also improve it. In 2021, at the UN Biodiversity Conference, countries will come together to adopt a new global biodiversity strategy for the next decade – the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. We must learn from the past frameworks, especially the Aichi targets' achievements, and design a quantifiable and measurable framework. Besides, we must address zoonosis as an essential component of the post-2020 framework.

The beginning of the ‘urban age’ comes along with a worldwide decline of insects –due to human impact on the environment. Especially alarming is the loss of bees and other pollinators, because of their importance for agriculture and thus for our food security as well as for the stability of ecosystems. Considering the worsening conditions on farmland, growing urban areas might function as refuges for endangered bees. In this article, we describe the situation of wild giant honey bees in the rapidly developing megacity Bengaluru (also called Bangalore), the high-tech capital of the Indian state Karnataka. Naturally nesting in the open in big trees and at cliffs, these bees use high-rise buildings as nesting sites in the city. Excerpts from interviews with citizens of Bengaluru give insights into increasing conflicts between humans and bees, but also show possibilities of coexistence.